Furnace for burning refuse and for other purposes



1,549,682 W. PIERNAY Filed April 18. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 NM H FURNACE FOR BURNING REFUSE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Aug. 1L W25.

Aug. '11, 1925.

W. PIERNAY FURNACE FOR BURNING REFUSE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES s sheets-sheet 2 Filed April 18 1922 Inrarfor:

1,549,682 W. PIERNAY.

3 Sheets-Shed 5 Augrll rlflzs.

FURNACE FOR BURNING REFUSE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Filed April 18. 1922 tracer WALTER PIERNAY, E STETTIH, GERMANY, ASSIGNOE TO THE FIRM. STETTINER CHAMOTTE-FABRIK AKTIEN-Gli l-uLLElCHAFT VCR-Till, DIIQIEE, OF STETTIN, PRUS- FURNACE FOR BURNING,-

AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

Application filed. April 18, 1922. Serial No. 555,467.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER PIERNAY, a citizen of Germany, residing at Stettin, in the Free State of Prussia, Germany, h ave invented Improvements in Furnaces for Burning Refuse and for Other -Purposes and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to furnaces usually but not necessarily of the shaft type, adapt ed especially for the combustion of waste substances for distilling; purposes or for any otheranalogous purposm and the n'eneral type of furnace is not new. My invention relates particularly to the means for effect inn: a tight closure of the furnace bottom while the slag; and ashes are removerh and to provide means for easily separating the slag; and ashes from the mass in the furnace without interfering with combustion. My invention is also intended to provide a track below the furnace shaft and above the ssh pit thereof, which track swings on a pivot so asto act as a lever, and is operated by some powerful mechanism such as a hydraulic iack, screw press or the like. On this track I arrange a carriage which is moved in and out on the track. and which c rries a sole adapted to close the bottom of the furnace. Above the sole and spaced apart therefrom is a cutoff knife or plate which, is also moved by powerful mechanisia and the knife and sole work alternately that is to say the knife can be forced through the mass in the furnace to separate a portion of the slag; and ashes. and these will drop down through the track into the pit. the sole being removed from the path of discharge. after which the sole can'be placed beneath the shaftthe track jacked up exerting its lever function and pressing: the sole snuojly against the furnace bottom so as to effect a tight closure. after which the knife or' plate can be withdrawn and more slag droppedon the sole. The knife can then be forced through the mass once more, the tracks dropped and the sole removed. and the operation can be repeated as often as may be.

I now will proceed to describe my invention more in detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which three constructional forms or modifications of a furnace according to my invention are diagrammatically illustrated by way of example. In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical, axial or central section of the lower part of a shaft furnace for burning refuse and for c asifying or dis tilling carbonaceous materials,

Figure 2 is a horizontal section on the line A.l3 of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a section similar to that of Figure 1; of a modified construction of the furnace for burning refuse and for gasifyinn or distilling; carbonaceous matter,

Figure 4-. is a horizontal section on the line CD of Fig.1. 3,

Figure 5 is a section similar to that of Figures 1 and 8 showing another modification of the furnace for burning refuse and for gasifyinq or distilling carbonaceous substances,

Fio ure 6 is a horizontal section on the line E--F of Fig. 5.

Like numerals designate corresponding parts in all of the figures of the drawings.

Referring now to the details 1 illustrates the bottom part of a furnace having a vertical shaft 2. llhe latter is of a circular crosssectional area and provided with an internal double-walled iacket 3 for the reception of water acting; to cool the metallic faces thereof. 7

At the lower end of the shaft 2. just below the bottom end of the jacket 3. a broad horizontal slot or recess 4 is provided in the concrete or brick-work of the bottom part 1 of the furnace to afford a passage for a plate 5 having a sharp cutting: edge as at 6. The plate 5 is mounted on wheels 7 so as to allow of being readily moved along: in the passage 4:. The bottom opening of the shaft is. be-

low the plane of the movable plate 5, of conical or funnel shape. but the exit 8, properly speaking, is of cylindrical form. For reinforcino; purposes girders 9 are embedded in the brick-work of the shaft bottom and a strong iron ring 10 is rigidly attached to the riage. A rod 14: attached to the carriage serves the purpose of moving the carriage to and fro on the said track 15. The two parallel rails 16 of the track are interconnected by means of a cross-beam 17 and adapted to turn about horizontal pivots 18 and 19 in fixed, stationary bearings 20 and 21. The cross-beam 17 is supported by a device by means of which the front, end of the track comprising the parts 16 and 17, can be lowered and raised, while turning about the pivots 18 and 19 at its back end The aforesaid device 22 is constructed and operates like a hydraulic press and is fitted with a rod 23 carryin a supporting disk 2st for the beam 17 to rest upon. in lieu of the device 22, however, any other suitable device for raising and lowering the track about its pivots may be employed, e. a Chicagopress, pulley-blocks, a toothed gearing provided with a spindle or a rack and the like.

In the bottom of the furnace a large ashpit or chamber 25 is provided vertically below the shaft and its exit. The bottom of this chamber is inclined in the direction of a lateral passage or opening 27 in the wall which can be held tightly closed by means of a door 29 attached to the wall through a pivotal hinge 28. A rope or cable 30 serves the purpose of moving the door 29. One end of the rope or cable is fixed to the hearing 31 of the pivot of the hinge The rope or cable runs over pulleys 32 and then downwards and over a small pulley 341 pivotally connected at 35 with the door 29. then upwards and over two pulleys 36 and 37 to carry a heavy weight 38 at its free end depending from the pulley 37.

I will now go on to explain the operation of the furnace, and particularly of the hereinbefore described devices and arrange- Inents.

First the plate 5 is fully retracted from its position shown in Figure 1 and the carriage- 11 with its plate 13 is moved in to assume the position illustrated in Figure 1. Now the press 22 is actuated in order to exert a heavy pressure on the track 15 for the purpose of ensuring a tight engagement of the plate 13 with the lower smooth face of the ring 10.

This'done the shaft of the furnace is supplied from above with the material to be burnt. gasified or distilled and the mat rial thus fed'in is set on fire, cold or hot com pressed air being employed to expedite combustion in the usual manner. As soon as a sufiicient amount of slag and ashes has formed, theplate 5 is pushed in to assume the position shown in Figure 1 whereby the sharp cutting edge 6 of the plate penetrates through the column of slag and ashes for-med in the bottom part of the shaft, dividing the same into two parts, one below and one on top of the plate 5. Now the press 22 is ac .tuated tolower the track 15 and to thereby disengage the plate 13 of the carriage from the ring 10, so that the carriage will be free to move.

lVith the aid of the rod 141 the carriage is then drawn out on the rails 16 and since the sealing plate 13 is rigidly connected with the carriage, the exit 8 will be free to discharge the cut off portion or body of slag and ashes into the chamber 25.

The described slag removing operation may be repeated several times, ere the chamber 25 will be sutlieiently filled with slag and ashes to require removal. When this occurs, the door 29, duly balanced by the weight is opened and the slag and ashes piled up in the chamber 25 are removed therefrom in any convenient manner through the open ing 27.

The furnace of the modified construction shown in Figures 3 a u t is essentially similar to that hereinbe' described with reference to Figures 1 and with exception of the particularities going to explain hereinafter.

In lieu of the rod 1 1 screw spindle 39 is provided engaging in a stationary nut all, and a similar spindle a1 is pivotally connector with the plate 5. The two spindles 39 and 41 are given rotary motion through two bevel-gears actuated by an electric motor 42. The past-age 4 is tightly closed against the atmosphere by means of a casing and the spindle 11 of the plate 5 pro iecti gthrough a hole in the front wall of said casing is fitted in said hole in an air-tight manner.

The ring 10 is dispensed with in this modification a d a screw-spindle 41st is provided for raising and lowering the track carrying the carriage 11. The spindle 4% is also operated by the motor 42 through a toothed gearing. In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the plate 5 is of rectangular shape, whereas in the modification illustrated in Figures 3 and 1 the plate is of circular or elliptic shape and is not supported and moved on wheels, but is mounted and adapt ed to slide on an even and smooth guiding track 15 provided in the brick-work of the furnace.

1n the third modification of the furnace shown in Figures 5 and 6 the rod 1-6 of the plate 5 is connected with the piston of a hyd it: controlling device 1-7. A similar dev'ee having a cylinder 18 pivotally supported on journals 49 in. a stationary bearing 50 serves as a driving means for the carriage 11, the rod 14 of the latter being connected with the piston in the Cf-Jlll'lClOl 48. The press 22 is likewise actuated by water under pressure or by any other suitable pressure fluid.

Having now described and ascertained the nature of my invention and in which the same is to be performed I now declare what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. A furnace having a bottom discharge opening, a cut-off knife movable horizontally across the furnace above said discharge, a vertically swinging lever mechanism below the furnace discharge, and a sole movable in and out on the lever mechanism and adapted to close the furnace discharge.

2. A furnace having a bottom discharge opening and an ash pit below said opening, a vertically movable lever arranged between the discharge opening and the ash pit, a sole movable in and out on the lever and adapted to close the discharge opening, and a cut-off knife movable through the furnace above the said opening whereby the sole closes the furnace in one position and the cut-off knife can close the furnace bottom when the sole is removed.

3. A furnace having a discharge opening through the bottom and an ash pit below the discharge, a track acting as a lever and arranged bctween the ash pit and the furnace discharge opening, a carriage mounted on the track and having a sole to close the bot tom opening of the furnace, and a cut-off knife slidable transversely through the fur nace above the discharge opening.

a. A furnace having a bottom discharge opening and an ash pit below said opening, a track pivoted between the ash pit and the discharge opening and serving as a lever, means for moving the track vertically, a sole supported on the track to close the discharge opening of the furnace, and means for supporting the material in the furnace when the sole is removed.

5. A furnace having a bottom discharge opening and an ash pit below said opening, a track pivoted between the ash pit and the said discharge opening, said track serving as a lever, means for moving the track vertically, a carriage movable in and out on the track, and a. sole mounted on the carriage and adapted to close the discharge opening of the furnace.

6. A furnace having a discharge opening in the bottom and an ash pit below said opening, a track arranged below the furnace opening, said track being pivoted at its inner end and having means for moving its outer end vertically, whereby the track has a lever action, a carriage movable in and out on the track, a sole on the carriage to close the discharge opening of the furnace, and a cut-off knife movable transversely across the furnace and spaced above the aforesaid discharge opening.

7. A furnace having a bottom discharge opening, an ash pit below the opening, a lever track movable vertically below the dis charge opening of the furnace, a carriage running in and out on the track and having a sole to close the discharge opening of the furnace, and a cut-off knife slidable in the furnace wall and spaced above the discharge opening whereby the cut-0E knife will support the furnace charge when the sole is removed from said opening.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

WALTER PIERNAY. 

